Today in Western Civilization we were told that we have a test tomorrow based on what we've learned about Egypt. What we learned about Egypt so far is
~Upper Egypt; Mountains, a 500 mile long strip of fertile land along the Nile
~Lower Egypt;Was the wide open land of the Nile Delta, emptying into the Mediterranean Sea
~Nile was the major provider of life for the Egyptians and was much revered in lore and writing
~Around #3100 B.C. the two lands were united under a single king or "Pharaoh" (Narmer)
~Pharaoh was all powerful, worshiped as a God, and intimately connected to the major Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
~While Egyptians relied on Harmony and Balance of the universe, which they called "Maat" (personified by the Goddess Maat; Ideological opposite of Goddess Isfet)
~Pharaohs had multiple wives, and all routes to financial and social success were though the palace
~Women could inherit money and land and divorce their husbands, though only a tiny few ever wielded real husbands
~Gods were often portrayed with animal heads or bodies
~Egyptians believed in an afterlife (Ka) and they mummified bodies to preserve them for this post-death journey
~All souls would need to justify themselves at the point of death and be either sent to an after world paradise or the Jaws of a monster
~Earliest Egyptians writing formed in 3100 B.C. and were small pictures known as hieroglyphics
~ Egyptian script was usually written in ink on papyrus, which was made from mashed Nile reeds
~Papyrus, the precursor to paper, was stored in scrolls and these scrolls were the books of ancient Egypt
~Jean Francois Champollion= Translated Rosette Stone
~Egyptian astronomers created a calendar with 12 months and 365 days to make better sense of the seasonal cycles
~Due to excellent knowledge of human anatomy, doctors wrote extensively on health issues
~Wooden sailboats were constructed to increase transportation ability on the Nile
~ Pyramids were massive Stone tombs originally covered in marble but the marble stripped off
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